For GC analysis, the substance to be analyzed must be in the gaseous form. Because of this, the analysis of many organic compounds requires that injections, columns, and detectors are kept at relatively high temperatures. However, many organic compounds are thermally unstable. In such cases, it is necessary to convert the substance to be analyzed to a more volatile derivative appropriate for GC analysis. GC derivatizing reagents such as silylating, acylating, and alkylating reagents are used for this conversion.
Meanwhile, GC has been used for the analysis of biogenic substances. This generally requires the use of various derivatizing reagents. As an example, trimethylsulfonium hydroxide 1 can easily convert fatty acids, fatty acid esters, and glycerides into their methyl esters in a single step through the pyrolysis of the corresponding sulfonium salts 2.¹⁾ The low-boiling by-product, dimethyl sulfide, does not disturb the chromatographic separation of the samples. Therefore, the method using 1 is suitable for detection not only of longer chain fatty acids but also of relatively short chain fatty acids. 1 has been successfully applied for sample preparation in the analysis of fatty acids in microorganisms and human blood serum.²⁾

■Typical Procedure
A mixture of 1mg of fatty acids is dissolved in 0.1mL toluene, and then 0.5mL trimethylsulfonium hydroxide 1 (0.2mol/L methanol solution) is added. After 30 min at room temperature, the solution is used for gas chromatography.

Silylation

Esterification & Alkylation

Acylation

Others

Silylation

Trimethylsilylation

H0089	A5601	A5603
B3402	C0306	B0510
B0511	B0830	T0492
T0591	M0959	M0536
M1059	M0672	T0590
T0585	A5602	A5604
A5605

H0089	1,1,1,3,3,3-Hexamethyldisilazane
A5601	BSA [=N,O-Bis(trimethylsilyl)acetamide] [for Gas Chromatography]
A5603	BSTFA [=N,O-Bis(trimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide] [for Gas Chromatography]
B3402	BSTFA-TMCS (99:1) [Derivatizing Reagent for GC]
C0306	Chlorotrimethylsilane
B0510	N,O-Bis(trimethylsilyl)acetamide (25% in Acetonitrile) [Trimethylsilylating Reagent, for NH2 compounds]
B0511	N,O-Bis(trimethylsilyl)acetamide
B0830	N,O-Bis(trimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide
T0492	N-(Trimethylsilyl)diethylamine
T0591	N-(Trimethylsilyl)dimethylamine
M0959	N-Methoxy-N,O-bis(trimethylsilyl)carbamate [Simultaneous silylation and methoximation reagent for GC]
M0536	N-Methyl-N-trimethylsilylacetamide [Trimethylsilylating Agent]
M1059	N-Methyl-N-trimethylsilylheptafluorobutyramide [TMS Reagent for GC using FID]
M0672	N-Methyl-N-trimethylsilyltrifluoroacetamide [Trimethylsilylating Agent]
T0590	N-Trimethylsilylacetamide
T0585	N-Trimethylsilylimidazole [Trimethylsilylating Reagent]
S0162	SILREST [Column conditioner for Gas chromatography]
A5602	TMS-BA [=N,O-Bis(trimethylsilyl)acetamide] (25% in Acetonitrile) [for Gas Chromatography]
A5604	TMS-HT (HMDS and TMCS in Anhydrous Pyridine) [for Gas Chromatography]
T0274	TMS-HT (HMDS and TMCS in Anhydrous Pyridine) [Trimethylsilylating Reagent, for OH compounds]
A5605	TMS-Imidazole (=N-Trimethylsilylimidazole) [for Gas Chromatography]
T0623	TMS-PZ [Trimethylsilylating Reagent, for wet or dry Sugars, Mono or Poly Saccharides]

Five species of A5601, A5602, A5603, A5604, and A5605 are trimethylsilylating reagents prepared under strict quality control for highly sensitive analysis. They are purified and controlled so that impure substances having high boiling points, which are detrimental to the analysis, are below 20ppm per one component.

Dimethylsilylation

T0833

C0778

T0833	1,1,3,3-Tetramethyldisilazane
C0778	Chlorodimethylsilane

Alkyldimethylsilylation

D1516	D1596	D1572
B1043	D1590	D0135
D1594	B1906	B1150
B0995

D1516	1-(Dimethylethylsilyl)imidazole [Dimethylethylsilylating Agent]
D1596	1-(Dimethylisopropylsilyl)imidazole [Dimethylisopropylsilylating Agent]
D1572	1-(Dimethylpropylsilyl)imidazole [Dimethylpropylsilylating Agent]
B1043	1-(tert-Butyldimethylsilyl)imidazole [tert-Butyldimethylsilylating Agent]
D1590	Chlorodimethylpropylsilane [Dimethylpropylsilylating Agent]
D0135	Dimethylethylchlorosilane [Dimethylethylsilylating Agent]
D1594	Dimethylisopropylchlorosilane [Dimethylisopropylsilylating Agent]
B1906	N,O-Bis(tert-butyldimethylsilyl)acetamide [tert-Butyldimethylsilylating Agent]
B1150	N-(tert-Butyldimethylsilyl)-N-methyltrifluoroacetamide
B0995	tert-Butyldimethylchlorosilane [tert-Butyldimethylsilylating Agent]

Halomethylsilylation

B0847

C0605

B0990

B0847	(Bromomethyl)chlorodimethylsilane
C0605	(Chloromethyl)dimethylchlorosilane
B0990	1,3-Bis(chloromethyl)tetramethyldisilazane

Others

D1816	A1275	D1976
B1435	P0854	P0908

D1816	1,3-Diphenyltetramethyldisilazane
A1275	Allylchlorodimethylsilane [Allyldimethylsilylating Reagent for GC/MS]
D1976	Dichlorodiethylsilane
B1435	N,O-Bis(diethylhydrogensilyl)trifluoroacetamide [Simultaneous cyclic silylene and silyl derivatizing reagent for GC]
P0854	Pentafluorophenyldimethylchlorosilane [Pentafluorophenyldimethylsilylating Agent]
P0908	Pentafluorophenyldimethylsilyldiethylamine [Pentafluorophenyldimethylsilylating Agent]

Esterification & Alkylation

N,N-Dimethylformamide Dialkyl Acetals

D1303	D1302	D1294
D1332	D2071	D1595
D1301

D1303	N,N-Dimethylformamide Di-tert-butyl Acetal [for Esterification]
D1302	N,N-Dimethylformamide Dibutyl Acetal [for Esterification]
D1294	N,N-Dimethylformamide Diethyl Acetal [for Esterification]
D1332	N,N-Dimethylformamide Dimethyl Acetal [for Esterification] (0.5ml*10)
D2071	N,N-Dimethylformamide Dimethyl Acetal [for Esterification]
D1595	N,N-Dimethylformamide Dineopentyl Acetal [for Esterification]
D1301	N,N-Dimethylformamide Dipropyl Acetal [for Esterification]

Triazenes

B0949

M0641

B0949	1-Benzyl-3-p-tolyltriazene [for Esterification]
M0641	1-Methyl-3-p-tolyltriazene [for Esterification]

Onium Hydroxides

T0961	T0676	T1460
P0245	T1576

T0961	3-(Trifluoromethyl)phenyltrimethylammonium Hydroxide (5% in Methanol) [for Transesterification of Glyceride]
T0676	Tetramethylammonium Hydroxide (10% in Methanol)
T1460	Tetramethylammonium Hydroxide (ca. 25% in Water)
P0245	Trimethylphenylammonium Hydroxide (20-25% in Methanol) [for On-Column Methylation]
T1576	Trimethylsulfonium Hydroxide (0.2mol/L in Methanol) [Methylating Reagent]

BCl₃, BF₃, HCl-Alkanol Solutions

X0033	X0034	X0035
X0036	X0037

X0033	Boron Trichloride - Methanol Reagent (5-10%) [for Esterification] (1ml*10)
X0034	Boron Trifluoride - Butanol Reagent (10-20%) [for Esterification] (1ml*10)
X0035	Boron Trifluoride - Isopropyl Alcohol Reagent (10-20%) [for Esterification] (1ml*10)
X0036	Boron Trifluoride - Methanol Reagent (10-20%) [for Esterification] (1ml*10)
X0037	Boron Trifluoride - Propanol Reagent (10-20%) [for Esterification] (1ml*10)
X0039	Hydrogen Chloride - Butanol Reagent (5-10%) [for Esterification] (1ml*10)
X0038	Hydrogen Chloride - Methanol Reagent (5-10%) [for Esterification] (1ml*10)
X0041	Hydrogen Chloride - Methanol Reagent (5-10%) [for Esterification]

Diazomethane Precursors & Equivalents

M0527

N0265

T1146

M0527	1-Methyl-3-nitro-1-nitrosoguanidine (wetted with ca. 50% Water, containing 5g on a dry weight basis)
N0265	N-Methyl-N-nitrosourethane
T1146	Trimethylsilyldiazomethane (ca. 10% in Hexane, ca. 0.6mol/L)

Acylation

H0467	T0670	B0986
H0024	H0337	A0694
M0671	P0807	P0566
T0433

H0467	1-(Heptafluorobutyryl)imidazole [Acylating Agent]
T0670	1-(Trifluoroacetyl)imidazole
B0986	Bistrifluoroacetamide
H0024	Heptafluorobutyric Acid
H0337	Heptafluorobutyric Anhydride
A0694	N-Acetylimidazole
M0671	N-Methylbis(trifluoroacetamide) [Trifluoroacylating Agent]
P0807	Pentafluorobenzoyl Chloride
P0566	Pentafluoropropionic Anhydride
T0433	Trifluoroacetic Anhydride

Others

B0529	F0280	P0822
P0809	B0857

B0529	Butylboronic Acid (contains varying amounts of Anhydride) [for Esterification]
F0280	Ferroceneboronic Acid (contains varying amounts of Anhydride) [Cyclic boronating reagent for GC/MS]
P0822	O-(2,3,4,5,6-Pentafluorobenzyl)hydroxylamine Hydrochloride [for Oxime Preparation]
P0809	Pentafluorobenzyl Bromide
B0857	Phenylboronic Acid (contains varying amounts of Anhydride)